In this article we will see about What is operating system and its function with type in detail so let’s reading continue..
Operating system(OS): Is the software that provides an interface between the computer hardware , and the application program or user. And OS is system software (set of system programs) which provides an environment to help the user to execute the programs. Without OS no computer can be operated. For a computer system, it is regarded as like the heart of living beings. When an application program runs, the OS also works with hand. An operating system manage the function performed by the computer hardware , CPU, input, output device , secondary storage device and network device. Every general computer must have an OS to run the other program.
Function of operating system
Operating system(OS) is a large and complex software consisting of several component each component of the OS has its one set of define input and output. Different component of the system perform a specific task to provide the overall functionality of OS. The major function of OS are follows:
Process management
Process management means assigning process or to different task which has to be performed by the computer system .This activities handled by the OS are: (1)control access to shared resource like file , memory, I/O and CPU , control is execution of application (2) create , execute and delete a process cancel or resume of process (3)schedule a process and synchronization communication and deadlock handling for process.
Memory management
The OS manages the memory resources of a computer system. All the programs are loaded in the main memory before their execution. Function of OS is to determine , how much memory should be provided to each process. Some activity about the memory management in OS are :allocate memory, free memory, re- allocated memory and keep track of memory uses.
File management
The OS manages the file and Directories of a computer file. A file can be defined as a collection of information , every file has unique name associated with it .It is responsible for maintenance of a file system in which the user are allowed to create and delete both for and directories provide access to file ,allocated space for file ,keep backup of files, secure file.
Device management
This function of operating system deals with the management of peripheral devices such as printer, mouse and keyboard attached to a computer system. An OS interact with the hardware device through specific device drivers .The primary task of an OS is to manage the input /output operation performed by the end user .the device management task Handle by OS are :open /close and write device drivers and communicate ,control and monitor device .
Protection and security
OS protect the resources of system from the various threats such as virus attack and unauthorized access. Operating system uses various techniques such as authentication ,authorization ,cryptography etc for ensuring security of a computer system.
User interface or command Interpreter
OS provides an interface between the computer user and the computer hardware .The user interface is a set of command or a graphical user interface which the user interacts with application and the hardware.
Types of operating system
Operating system have different types depending on their capability of processing such as:
- Simple batch OS
- Multi program Batch OS
- Time sharing OS
- Multi processor OS(parallel system)
- Distributed OS
- Real-time OS
- Multi-user and single user OS
- Multi tasking and single tasking OS
- Embedded system
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